Synthesis of Monodispersed Microspheres from Laplace Pressure Induced Droplets in Micromolds

A novel synthesis method for microspheres using micromolds based on the Laplace pressure difference is presented. This simple micromolding technique shows flexibility to synthesize particles using various reaction schemes, such as photopolymerization, sol-gel reactions, and colloidal assembly. This method can produce highly monodispersed spherical particles, without the need to use complicated control. It allows high flexibility in choosing materials and size control.

Studying the Kinetics of Crystalline Silicon Nanoparticle Lithiation with In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is used to study the electrochemical lithiation of high-capacity crystalline Si nanoparticles for use in Li-ion battery anodes. The lithiation reaction slows down as it progresses into the particle interior, and analysis suggests that this behavior is due not to diffusion limitation but instead to the influence of mechanical stress on the driving force for reaction.

Challenges Facing Lithium Batteries and Electrical Double-Layer Capacitors

Energy-storage technologies, including electrical double-layer capacitors and rechargeable batteries, have attracted significant attention for applications in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, bulk electricity storage at power stations, and “load leveling” of renewable sources, such as solar energy and wind power. Transforming lithium batteries and electric double-layer capacitors requires a step change in the science underpinning these devices, including the discovery of new materials, new electrochemistry, and an increased understanding of the processes on which the devices depend. The Review will consider some of the current scientific issues underpinning lithium batteries and electric double-layer capacitors.